Dispersal: although generally nonmigratory, individuals can disperse long distances, and small irruptive movements sometimes occur. Year-round: the hairy occupies a wide range of coniferous and deciduous forests from sea level to tree line such habitats are usually densely wooded, but in some areas are more open and parklike. Drum: rapid roll of about 25 beats in 1 second.įairly common uncommon to rare in the South and Florida.
#Hairy woodpecker series
The rattle call (“whinny”) is a fast, slightly descending series of these peek calls. VoiceĬall: a piercing, sharp peek or pee-ik. Note that some populations of hairy (especially in Newfoundland) can show barred backs (especially as juveniles), and some Three-toed populations have nearly pure white backs. Beware a recently fledged hairy with much a shorter bill than adult’s black bars on the outer tail feathers distinguish a downy from a hairy. The downy woodpecker is similar in pattern but much smaller, with a small, short bill (much smaller than half the length of the head). As in all woodpeckers, facial and underpart feathering can become stained with pitch and soot, so some color variation is not related to subspecies. There are 2 additional subspecies on the Bahamas. Four Middle American subspecies from eastern and southern Mexico south to western Panama are smaller still (some nearly as small as the downy woodpecker) and are variably buffy to deep buff-brown on the underparts. The subspecies icastus, ranging from southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico south to central Mexico, is similar but smaller.
Three additional subspecies of the Great Basin and Rocky Mountain regions ( orius, monitcola, leucothorectis) are moderate to large in size and white to very pale buff below compared with eastern and boreal birds they have reduced white on the back and greatly reduced white spotting on the wing coverts. Hyloscopus of California and northern Baja California is smaller, paler (light gray-buff) below, and whiter on the head. Northwestern harrisi and sitkensis have gray-brown underparts and face and reduced white on the wings. In the West, picoideus of the Queen Charlotte Islands is most distinctive, with gray-brown underparts black markings in the white back stripe, sides, and flanks and strong black bars on the outer rectrices. Newfoundland terranovae is distinctive, with white back reduced and barred (especially in immatures), some black spotting on outer rectrices, and often with fine black streaking on the sides and flanks. Boreal septentrionalis, from interior Alaska east to Quebec, is the largest, whitest subspecies. Nominate villosus is widespread in the East southeastern birds ( audubonii) are smaller, buffier (less pure white) below, and with less white on the back. Variation is extensive but generally clinal. Adult: male shows red nuchal bar, often divided vertically by black (especially in some eastern populations) red is lacking in female. The outer tail feathers are usually unmarked white.
#Hairy woodpecker Patch
Plumage pattern is nearly identical to the downy’s, with long white patch down the back, variable white spotting on the wing coverts and flight feathers, and mostly unmarked underparts. Like a large, long-billed version of the downy woodpecker, the hairy is a widespread generalist of a variety of forests and woodlands over most of the continent.
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